The Greek Wine Federation has published its annual Harvest Report 2025, which provides a detailed overview of this year's production in all wine-growing regions of Greece.

WEATHER CONDITIONS

2025 marked a return to more typical weather conditions throughout the growing season in most wine regions of Greece -with milder temperatures, notable diurnal variations and limited extreme phenomena contributing to aromatic and phenolic ripening. Still, several regions, especially in southern Greece and the islands, had to mitigate challenges mostly due to the accumulated drought from preceding years that led to reduced yields. Overall, harvest dates were closer to the long-term average standards with healthy grapes with quality features across the Greek vineyard.

PRODUCTION

It was a harvest with variations in terms of yields. Substantial increase in Northern and parts of Central Greece, significant fall in Attica and parts of Southern Greece, the Cyclades -particularly Santorini and Paros- and Crete. The total production nationwide was up by 8% vs. last year, a rise mostly powered by the regions of Northern Greece, yet still below the last ten year average.

OUTLOOK

Overall, 2025 is a very good -and in some regions, excellent- vintage. White wines retain high acidity and clear varietal aromas, while reds display ripe, soft tannins and rich color.

MACEDONIA

DRAMA

The 2025 vintage in Drama unfolded smoothly, with abundant winter snowfall and spring rains that significantly reduced the need for irrigation. Mild temperatures during ripening allowed the grapes to develop normally and be harvested at their peak aromatic potential, from August 7 onward. Yields were slightly increased—especially for white varieties—while quality was excellent, with vibrant acidity, clean aromatic expression, and proper phenolic maturity.
The white wines show freshness, complexity, and strong ageing potential, while the reds are fruity, elegant, and marked by ripe tannins.

In Adriani, the season was similarly balanced, with satisfactory vegetative growth, mild summer temperatures, and beneficial day–night fluctuations. Harvest took place from mid-August to September under ideal conditions, with a few cool showers that enhanced aromatic and phenolic development. The white wines display typicity and good balance, while the reds stand out for their deep colour and rich phenolic structure.
Overall, 2025 was a very high-quality year for Drama, producing wines distinguished by expressive aromatics, freshness, and refined structure.

PANGEON

The 2025 season at the foothills of Mount Pangeon developed steadily. Winter was cold with increased rainfall that replenished water reserves, and showers continued into early April. Low temperatures delayed budbreak, which occurred after mid-April, roughly one week later than usual.
May was mild with light rainfall, and flowering took place under warm and dry conditions from late May to early June, ensuring uniform fruit set and intense photosynthetic activity. June and July brought limited rainfall and rising temperatures, leading to a smooth ten-day veraison, uniform across all varieties.

In July and August, high daytime temperatures were accompanied by 10–15°C drops at night—thermal variation that favoured ripening, preserved aromatic character, and helped manage water stress, despite occasional peaks above 35°C.
In September, the slightly lower temperatures supported the ripening of red varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon, Agiorgitiko), preserving fruit expression and preventing overripening. Harvest progressed without rain, enabling uninterrupted picking.

Quantitatively, white wines are expected to match last year’s volumes, while reds show a 10–15% increase. Qualitatively, the 2025 reds are anticipated to be aromatic, fruity, deeply coloured, and structurally impressive, while the whites are highly aromatic with good structure, high acidity, and marked freshness.

EPANOMI

The 2025 harvest in Epanomi was defined by an ideal combination of weather conditions and steady ripening that strengthened both potential and quality. Winter was cold with sufficient rainfall, replenishing water reserves. Spring progressed smoothly with balanced temperatures and beneficial rain, leading to normal budbreak and uniform flowering. June was cool—helping prevent disease—while the rainfall on the last day of July maintained the balance on the vineyards and supported gradual ripening.

Harvest took place from 12 August to late September, beginning with Sauvignon Blanc and ending with Xinomavro, with each variety picked at optimal maturity. White varieties saw a yield increase of about 10% thanks to excellent fruit set, while red yields stayed at last year’s levels due to green harvesting aimed at maximizing quality.

With a duration of 50 days, this was one of Epanomi’s longest harvests in recent years. Whites and rosés show strong aromatic character, lively yet balanced acidity, and pure fruit. Reds display excellent phenolic ripeness, velvety tannins, cool and ripe fruit, and significant ageing potential.

HALKIDIKI – SLOPES OF MOUNT MELITON

Winter began with sufficient rainfall in late November and throughout December. It remained moderately cold, with the lowest temperatures occurring in February but without frost damage. Spring was ideal, with mild temperatures and sufficient humidity. Bud-break began in mid-March and finished in early April, while flowering occurred in the third week of May—about 15 days later than last year.

June was almost dry and initially mild, limiting disease pressure; toward the end of the month, however, a brief heat spike occurred. July was warm with minor heatwaves but no notable damage, and rain at the end of the month supported uniform ripening. Harvest began on August 4 with Sauvignon Blanc (one week later than last year) and progressed smoothly, as August brought no extreme temperatures. It concluded on September 9 with Limnio.

Production increased by roughly 35% compared with last year, and quality was very high, thanks to the absence of heat damage and virtually no disease. Whites and rosés show intense aromatic character, balanced acidity, and lower alcohol levels, while reds stand out for their varietal aromas and full body, ideal for long ageing.

GOUMENISSA

The 2025 season in Goumenissa was milder overall than 2024, with lower average growing-season temperatures (–1.22°C) and significantly lower minimum temperatures (–1.7°C). Rainfall remained limited (143 mm), but 87% of it fell during the critical April–May period, improving vine water status and supporting smooth development, better fruit set, and higher yields. The ripening of phenolic compounds took place 7–10 days later depending on the variety.

During ripening and harvest, temperatures remained mild (avg. 26.2°C) with moderate water stress and minimal plant-health issues. Ripening progressed smoothly, except for Sauvignon Blanc, which showed irregular sugar accumulation. Yields increased by 30–35% compared with the dry 2024 season and by 16% compared to the typical 2023 vintage, with greater variability observed in Assyrtiko. Grape quality ranged from good to very good, exceeding the level of an average year.

Whites and rosés display balance, good acidity and sugars, and good to very good aromatic expression. In reds, phenolic quality was solid, with good acidity, deep colour, and satisfactory alcohol. For Xinomavro, 2025 ranks among the best vintages of the past decade, confirming the consistency and distinctive character of the region.

NAOUSSA

The Naoussa region experienced drought conditions, except for increased rainfall in April–May (169.2 mm vs. the 123 mm average). Winter was moderately cold and bud-break was early; however, the cold and rainy April delayed shoot development, which ultimately occurred at typical timings but with unevenness that persisted until harvest. Spring temperatures were normal and flowering, veraison, and ripening occurred in expected periods. In June–July, high daytime temperatures combined with low nighttime temperatures (below 20°C, often below 18°C) favoured phenolic and aromatic ripening.
Despite drought, irrigation met the vines’ needs, ensuring healthy, quality grapes.

Some north–south vineyard rows showed minor sunburn on west-facing slopes, though notably less than in 2024. By early September, there were concerns about ripening, but a weather shift (cool nights, warm days, low humidity) created ideal pre-harvest conditions.

Harvest proceeded smoothly with no disease issues: Syrah and Merlot were picked 1–11 September, while the main Xinomavro harvest began on 22 September, with a few early picks due to dehydration. Production was normal to increased compared with 2024.

The 2025 harvest is clearly superior to last year—ranging from very good to excellent, especially for late-ripening varieties. The wines show vivid colour, higher alcohol (>13%), soft tannins, and rich fruit. Rosés stand out for aromatics, freshness, and balanced acidity. For Xinomavro, the year is considered exceptional thanks to gradual and complete ripening.

AMYNDEON

The 2025 season was marked by relatively high heat accumulation but significantly cooler conditions compared with 2024, and without extreme weather events. Controlled, mainly subsurface irrigation proved crucial for quality and vine health, while disease pressure remained low due to the dry climate. Fruit quality ranges from very good to excellent, with slight yield reductions in the driest parcels.

June had minimal thermal deviation from 2024 and accelerated ripening of early white varieties. Late July brought ideal temperatures and increased evapotranspiration, while September was warmer than usual. Whites showed high aromatic intensity where cool nights and balanced vine water status prevailed, while reds achieved excellent phenolic ripeness without botrytis pressure. In drier parcels, smaller berry size and higher skin-to-juice ratios enhanced colour and structure, supported by carefully managed extraction. For sparkling-wine base wines from Xinomavro, slightly earlier harvest was chosen in high-altitude, north-facing parcels.

Harvest began in late August (second half) with early whites and continued through early to mid-September with Malagousia and Assyrtiko. Early September also saw the picking of Pinot Noir and Merlot, followed by Syrah, while various Xinomavro plots were harvested in late September under mild, dry conditions. October rains did not affect the bulk of the crop, allowing late varieties like Xinomavro and Tannat to complete harvest safely.

At the time of writing, initial alcoholic fermentations are complete and others ongoing, indicating an excellent vintage for Amyndeon.

EPIRUS

METSOVO

The 2025 vintage unfolded under milder and cooler conditions compared with the warm and humid 2024. Sufficient winter and spring rainfall supported vegetative growth without any signs of heat stress. Spring was generally cool, with frequent April–May showers that promoted vine health and vigor, while flowering was slightly delayed due to lower temperatures.

Summer was consistently warm and dry, with limited rainfall, and the strong diurnal temperature shifts favored aromatic development and sugar accumulation without causing dehydration. September remained mild, allowing full phenolic maturity.

Harvest took place at normal dates—after last year’s extremely early season—and yields, though still below 300 kg/ha, were higher than in 2024. Quality-wise, the year stands out for its very positive profile: the red wines show high phenolic potential, deep color, and firm structure, while the whites are expected to exhibit high acidity, freshness, and a clean aromatic expression.

Overall, 2025 is shaping up to be a balanced and high-quality vintage, with grapes of great purity and significant aging potential.

ZITSA

Climatic conditions during the 2025 growing season were mostly normal, with the exception of the period 15/6–15/8, when extended drought and relatively high temperatures—borderline heatwave—were recorded. These conditions caused a slight delay in veraison by about one week.

Harvest took place under very good and stable weather conditions. Overall, the year can be described as typical, without major quantitative fluctuations. Favorable weather combined with excellent vineyard management prevented disease pressure, resulting in exceptionally clean, high-quality fruit.

Yields for white varieties were within normal levels (800–1000 kg/ha), while red varieties were slightly lower (600–800 kg/ha). Quality was exceptional, with very healthy grapes.

Sugar levels in Debina averaged 12° Be, while in the red varieties (Vlachiko and Bekari) they ranged between 12.5 and 13°. Total quantities were entirely normal, and prices showed an upward trend.

THESSALY

METEORA

The 2025 growing season began with positive prospects and a distinctly later profile compared with last year, due to a cold and rainy spring. Bud-break took place under sufficient soil humidity and good bud fertility; however, frost in early April caused partial destruction of primary buds and reduced final yields.

Summer was cooler than in recent years, while August rainfall significantly improved ripening conditions after veraison. Harvest took place under ideal weather conditions, with each variety picked at its optimal time.

Despite the reduced yields, the vineyards produced grapes of high aromatic and flavor concentration. White varieties developed complex aromatic profiles with balanced acidity and sugar levels, while red varieties showed deep color, ripe tannins, and satisfactory acidity.

Overall, the 2025 wines from the Meteora region are expected to be outstanding, marking one of the highest-quality vintages of recent years.

CENTRAL GREECE

ATTICA

The 2025 harvest in Attica was completed under highly demanding cultivation conditions, as the pressure on the Attica vineyard continued for yet another year. This marks the third consecutive year of significant yield reduction, the result of climate change, including mild and dry winters, and prolonged drought. The previous two years were defined by very low rainfall and two hot summers, leaving the vines stressed and vulnerable to attacks such as grape leafhopper, which caused additional pressure on the foliage already from the 2024 harvest.

Total rainfall from September 2024 to August 2025 reached 362 mm, slightly better than the previous growing season, but still far from the regional average of 500 mm.

Conditions were further aggravated by the sudden frost on 10 April in Eastern Attica, which caused serious damage to young shoots. Summer proceeded with intense drought and no rainfall; although no prolonged heatwaves occurred, the vines clearly bore the signs of water stress. The 10 mm rainfall on 31 July proved a decisive “breath of relief” for the vineyard, positively altering the ripening trajectory and gently shifting harvest dates.

Harvest began on 28 July with Sauvignon Blanc, followed by Malagousia — whose picking was interrupted and resumed because of the rain — and continued with Syrah, Roditis and Assyrtiko. Savatiano, which represents 80% of plantings in the region, was harvested early September. Savatiano suffered the greatest pressure from frost, wild boar, birds and fires, resulting in a production drop of more than 30% compared to 2024 and over 70% compared to 2022, with an average yield of 150 kg/ stremma (1,5 tons/he) — levels comparable to those of Santorini.

Overall, yields remained low: 300 kg/stremma (3tons/he) for Sauvignon Blanc, Syrah and Assyrtiko, and 500 kg/stremma (5 tons/he) for Malagousia. Despite the difficulties, the grapes were exceptionally healthy, small-berried, with intense aromatic character and satisfactory acidity. Total production was up 35% from last year’s historic low, yet still at 65% of the decade’s average.

Qualitatively, the year is considered particularly promising. The young wines display richness, clean and intense aromatic expression, vibrant freshness and long aftertaste, confirming that — despite constant climatic pressures — Attica continues to produce wines of high quality and distinctive identity.

VIOTIA

Winter in the Valley of the Muses was mild, with sufficient rainfall that improved water availability in the clay-loam rich soils. Spring progressed smoothly and without extreme weather events, while summer, though warm, did not bring prolonged heatwaves, allowing vines to grow normally and maintain excellent health.

During ripening, the large day–night temperature differences at 500–570 m altitude enhanced aromatic intensity, especially in white varieties. Harvest took place under dry and ideal conditions, yielding high-quality grapes with excellent health and concentration.

Production was reduced by 10–15% compared to 2024, yet the smaller volume combined with greater concentration made the 2025 vintage particularly qualitative and in many respects comparable to the exceptional 2019, with added freshness and balance.

The white wines stand out for their aromatic clarity, lively acidity and classic expression of terroir. Rosés show bright colour, intense fruit character and finesse, while reds exhibit a full body, ripe tannins and strong ageing potential. Overall, the 2025 vintage in the Valley of the Muses is highly promising and well-balanced.

SLOPES OF KITHAIRON

Throughout 2025, no drought phenomena were observed in the wider Attica–Viotia region. Instead, episodes of frost and hail occurred in certain areas, affecting vineyards to varying degrees. However, this did not cause major deviations, as the overall quantity from the broader region maintained high quality.

During harvest, weather conditions were normal for the season, without prolonged or extreme heatwaves. Thus, ripening advanced smoothly, with characteristics consistent with each variety’s potential. Picking proceeded without interruption from rainfall and was completed normally.

Quantitatively, production was very satisfactory compared to the previous year. Most vineyard parcels reached their natural capacity, while even frost-affected zones achieved acceptable yields.

Qualitatively, the year appears highly promising. In areas such as Erythres, no strong climatic extremes occurred, grapes ripened ideally, delivering satisfactory sugar levels, density, and a rich aromatic profile.

Overall, the year leaves a very positive impression both quantitatively and qualitatively. Whites are expected, as always, to excel, with rosés and reds complementing the region’s output at an equally high standard.

FTHIOTIDA

Winter and spring of 2025 brought milder temperatures than usual for the region, accompanied by increased rainfall — especially during spring — which significantly improved natural soil moisture. Flowering began in mid-April for early varieties at lower altitudes, while later ones, such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah, flowered in early to mid-May.

Summer brought no rainfall but also no prolonged heatwaves; June and July temperatures remained reasonable, apart from a few hot days. Harvest began in early August with Chardonnay and continued gradually with other whites and then reds, concluding in the last week of September with Cabernet Sauvignon, Xinomavro and Syrah. Weather conditions throughout harvest were favourable, allowing careful and smooth collection of healthy grapes.

Although climatic factors kept yields relatively low, the prior moisture was managed with targeted vineyard practices that effectively controlled fungal diseases. As a result, production losses were avoided, and a stable, satisfactory harvest was secured.

Qualitatively, the year can be described as excellent. Whites show balance between alcohol and acidity, with slightly lower alcohol levels and strong varietal typicity. Reds are marked by concentration, structure and clarity in their aromatic profile, accurately reflecting both the terroir and the favourable ripening conditions.

PELOPONNESE

AIGIALEIA

The 2025 growing season began with particularly positive prospects, both in terms of quantity and quality. Spring unfolded with favourable weather conditions that supported flowering and fruit set, raising high expectations for the vintage. Summer progressed with relatively mild temperatures until a prolonged heatwave in the last days of July, which, combined with persistent drought, affected vine water balance and reduced the initially anticipated yields.
Despite these pressures, ripening advanced smoothly, at a slow and steady pace, delivering fruit of high quality. In Aigialeia, harvesting began in mid-to-late August and continued gradually until October. Yields were higher than in the two preceding and particularly demanding years, though they still remain below levels of earlier, more favourable vintages. Quality, however, is outstanding: red varieties show balance, ripe tannins, vibrant acidity and intense colour, while early samples of Roditis indicate that the vintage already ranks among the most promising.
Grape prices remained generally stable compared to last year, depending on variety and organic certification. Overall, 2025 in Aigialeia is characterised by increased yet controlled yields and very high quality, making it an exceptionally promising year.

NEMEA

Winter and spring were marked by mild temperatures but significant water deficit, continuing the drought of previous years. Frosts and hail at the end of March affected production in parts of the region (Nemea plain, Gymno, Asprokambos, Leontio), while budbreak and flowering were delayed by about two weeks. The dry conditions from April to June, combined with an extremely hot, dry July, created prolonged water stress, resulting in smaller berries, reduced yields and overall limited production.
Despite the challenges, ripening progressed smoothly thanks to the absence of heatwaves during the critical 60-day pre-harvest period, as well as the beneficial influence of northern and maritime winds from mid-August, which supported balanced maturation. The lack of rainfall during ripening proved advantageous for grape health, despite localized downy and powdery mildew incidents in unprotected vineyards.
Production in the region was significantly reduced — by 25–50% depending on the area — with some exceptions in higher-altitude vineyards that performed better. Agiorgitiko ranged from low to normal yields (500–800 kg/ha or 5-8tons/he), with very good colour, balanced acidity and healthy phenolic maturity, especially in well-managed and high-altitude vineyards. Rosés from elevated sites displayed intense, clean varietal aromatics, while whites (Assyrtiko, Sauvignon Blanc) showed high acidity and clear varietal expression.
Harvest began early for the whites (early August) and concluded in mid-to-late September for Agiorgitiko, under excellent and stable weather conditions.
Overall, 2025 is assessed as a vintage of good quality, with very healthy grapes, steady ripening, intense colour and lively acidity. Reds from Agiorgitiko are expected to show good structure, concentration and aromatic clarity, while whites and rosés will deliver fresh, vibrant and expressive wines, highlighting the potential of Nemea’s semi-mountainous and mountainous vineyards.

MANTINIA

The growing season in Mantinia began with an autumn of normal temperatures and limited rainfall, while winter was slightly colder and wetter than the previous year. Spring was marked by pronounced variability: a warm and dry March triggered early budbreak, but a severe frost at the end of the month (down to –5.1°C) caused uneven growth, without, however, significant production loss across the zone. April and May were cooler and rainy, creating conditions favourable for fungal diseases, which were successfully controlled wherever vigilant vineyard management was applied.
Summer unfolded with normal temperatures and winds that helped maintain vineyard aeration, while August rains offered some relief to the plateau. The high-altitude vineyards — typical of Mantinia — developed healthy canopy growth and strong natural resilience, with Moschofilero showing virtually no disease pressure. The only issue recorded was wild boar damage in specific parcels.

The final weeks before harvest were characterised by sunshine and excellent conditions for ripening.

Quantitatively, the vintage was outstanding, with a marked increase in production compared to the previous year. Grapes were small-berried, very healthy and highly aromatic. The musts showed rich aromatic profiles, good acidity and depth of flavour. Early indications for the wines suggest elevated aromatic potential, balanced alcohol and excellent harmony. Moschofilero appears at its best: intense, pure varietal aromas, freshness, body and high quality that is expected to be reflected in both PDO and PGI wines of the year.
Overall, Mantinia delivers one of its most notable vintages in recent years, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with wines poised to stand out on the Greek and international market.

ILIA

The 2024–2025 growing season in the Prefecture of Ilia was marked by an autumn with normal rainfall and a winter with regular precipitation and cooler temperatures compared to 2023–24, offering more favourable conditions overall. From March until harvest, rainfall was initially limited and later followed by prolonged drought, with minor fungal pressure except for a late appearance of downy mildew that locally affected specific vineyards.

Harvest conditions were excellent, with minimal rainfall and warm — but not extreme — temperatures, allowing for healthy grapes of high quality. Harvest occurred 10–15 days later compared to 2024.
After the reduced productions of 2022–23 and 2023–24, yields showed a clear recovery, though still below pre-2023 levels. Grape quality was particularly high, approaching that of the excellent 2024 vintage.
The initial profile of the wines — white, red and rosé — suggests good ripeness, balanced technical characteristics and promising qualitative potential.

MONEMVASIA

Weather conditions this year were clearly more favourable compared to the previous vintage, with a cool spring and a generally smooth vegetative cycle. However, production remained reduced as a lingering consequence of last year’s stress, now raising serious questions about the long-term viability of viticulture in the area.
Despite the lower yields, vineyard condition was very good. No significant diseases were observed, and ripening ranged from satisfactory to very good depending on the variety. Grapes were delivered healthy, with good levels of technological maturity.
Overall, the vintage is expected to yield wines of high quality, with clean aromatic expression and balance, despite the limited quantity.

IONIAN ISLANDS

KEFALONIA

The 2025 growing season in Kefalonia combined challenges with positive surprises, culminating in a harvest of high quality. Winter rainfall was within normal levels, ensuring sufficient soil moisture reserves and a smooth start to the vegetative cycle. Spring arrived earlier than usual, with elevated temperatures that led to early bud-break. Despite these favorable conditions, a severe frost on April 20 struck the mountainous vineyards of the Robola zone, causing significant losses, as approximately 60% of young shoots were destroyed.

Summer unfolded with mild temperatures and pronounced day–night shifts, conditions that favored gradual ripening, preserved natural acidity, and enhanced the development of complex aromatic characteristics. Harvest began on August 7 with Robola and concluded on September 14 with Mavrodaphne. Although yields were significantly reduced due to the spring frost, fruit quality proved excellent, marked by high concentration and purity.

Overall, the 2025 vintage in Kefalonia is characterized by wines of impressive balance, intensity, and finesse, confirming the resilience of the island’s vineyards and establishing the year as one with a strong qualitative footprint.

AEGEAN ISLANDS

NORTHERN AEGEAN

SAMOS

The 2025 viticultural year in Samos began with a mild and wet winter that replenished water reserves and created favorable conditions for vine development. Spring was problematic, with hail and strong winds reaching up to 9 Beaufort, which damaged buds, shoots, and flowering, reducing production by roughly 10% for many growers.

Summer progressed smoothly, without heatwaves, while frequent meltemi winds (northern) reduced humidity and the risk of fungal diseases, especially powdery mildew. Grape ripening advanced at normal rates, ensuring high-quality fruit.

Grapes from lower-altitude vineyards produced sweet wines of exceptional quality, with high sugar levels and intense aromatic character, while mountain vineyards yielded dry wines with balanced acidity and aromatic complexity.

Overall, despite lower quantities, the quality of the 2025 vintage in Samos was outstanding, producing wines of clarity, intensity, and strong typicity.

CYCLADES

SANTORINI

The 2024–2025 growing season in Santorini was marked by extreme hot and dry conditions, with exceptionally low rainfall, intense drought, and strong winds throughout winter and spring. These conditions resulted in historically low yields—often below 50 kg/ha (0,5tons/he) —while total island production may have dropped below 500 tons! High temperatures during the crucial véraison stage were also recorded, though disease pressure remained absent, due to the arid environment.

Even so, ripening proceeded under generally mild summer temperatures, with marine humidity providing balance and allowing grapes to achieve good phenolic maturity. Assyrtiko maintained exemplary acidity and its distinctive Cycladic character, producing wines of purity, aromatic intensity, firm structure, and clear aging potential.

Despite dramatically reduced quantity, the 2025 vintage in Santorini is expected to deliver wines of exceptional quality, with intensity, depth, and rare concentration—difficult for growers, but extremely promising for wine lovers.

PAROS

The 2025 growing season in Paros was defined by significant challenges, as spring storms left a strong impact. Although winter was mild with sufficient rainfall, late March and early April brought low temperatures, heavy rain, flooding, and hail, severely affecting many vineyards already in bloom. The damage caused major crop loss that vines were unable to compensate, despite the favorable conditions that followed.

Summer progressed smoothly, without extreme temperatures, allowing grapes to ripen steadily and evenly. Harvest took place at normal dates under ideal conditions and concluded on September 10. Production decreased for the third consecutive year—this time by 40–60%—yet fruit quality largely compensated for the low yields.

White and rosé varieties showed remarkable purity, vivid and elegant aromatic profiles, and balanced acidity, while reds stood out for their phenolic maturity, concentration, and firm structure. Despite the challenges, 2025 in Paros emerged as a low-yield but very high-quality vintage, producing wines of great intensity and distinctive varietal typicity.

TINOS

The 2025 growing season in Tinos began with a mild winter and significant rainfall, mainly in December, with totals reaching 450 mm. Despite this positive picture, moisture was insufficient to offset the water deficit of the previous two years, as vines already showed signs of stress. Spring progressed smoothly, with gradually decreasing rainfall through May and limited wind activity, while stronger northerly winds appeared only in June and August. July was marked by intense heatwaves and a lack of wind, causing sunburn on exposed grapes, reduced yields, and uneven ripening. Nevertheless, quality remained good thanks to meticulous vineyard management.

Harvest began slightly earlier than expected to preserve freshness and vibrancy. Picking dates were: Mavrotragano on 18/08, Rozaki on 24/08, Assyrtiko on 27/08, and Potamisi on 28/08.

Overall, the vintage was demanding, with reduced yields but grapes of high purity and strong potential.

ANDROS

The growing season in Andros began with an unusually warm January that triggered early bud-break, though shoot growth soon returned to normal pace. Spring was cool and wetter than in 2024, providing ideal conditions for smooth development, flowering, and fruit set. A 13-day heatwave in July accelerated ripening, especially for Malagousia, while August was stable and allowed full maturation across all varieties.

Mavrotragano required two harvesting passes due to uneven ripening but achieved excellent phenolic maturity. Assyrtiko ripened later, retaining its expected acidity. Production increased by 10–40% compared with 2024, while milder temperatures and sufficient moisture resulted in high-quality grapes with better acidity, intense aromatics, and balanced phenolic maturity across all varieties.

SERIFOS

The 2025 growing season in Serifos was shaped by late but sufficient rainfall and prolonged periods of low temperatures—below 10°C for nearly twenty days. Spring was especially difficult, with intense cold and strong winds of 8–9 Beaufort over extended periods, causing damage to many vineyard plots and affecting early growth. Summer, however, was mild, with frequent meltemi (northern) winds from early on and no rainfall, providing stable conditions for ripening. September was unusually cool, with a sharp temperature drop that preserved acidity and aromatic intensity.

Production improved compared with 2024, reaching around 15 tons (versus 11 tons in 2024), though still below the average of 20 tons. Nonetheless, quality was excellent, with no problems or diseases—similar to the previous year. The 2025 wines stand out for their clarity and balance, with very good characorganoleptic characteristics and no flaws, confirming yet another high-quality year for the island.

DODECANESE

KOS

In 2025, Kos experienced increased rainfall and slightly cooler temperatures compared with 2024, resulting in the ripening of some varieties being delayed by around seven days. Throughout harvest, sunny weather and northerly winds prevailed, with two weeks of normal to high temperatures. The meltemi helped preserve vineyard freshness, making conditions more favorable than in much of mainland Greece.

Production increased by about 20% compared with the previous year due to more favorable climatic conditions, with no disease incidence. The excellent quality of the grapes boosted their phenolic composition. White, red, and rosé wines show high alcohol levels, balanced acidity, and pronounced phenolic characteristics.

Prices rose slightly but remained within reasonable limits, in line with inflationary trends and producer needs.

CRETE

HERAKLION

The 2024–2025 growing season in Crete was marked by intense and prolonged drought, with a three-year rainfall deficit and an average of only ~150 mm—conditions similar to 2017–2018. Water scarcity, combined with hail, strong winds, and reduced leaf area, led to significantly reduced yields—often up to 50%—with some zones recording historically low production. Despite these pressures, the vegetative cycle progressed smoothly, with two heatwaves (July and August) affecting early and late varieties differently, either accelerating or delaying technological ripening.

Water scarcity triggered an early harvest (from August 7), yet persistently dry conditions ensured excellent vine health and grapes of outstanding purity. Varieties such as Vidiano, Liatiko, Kotsifali, Mandilaria, Roussanne, Grenache, Syrah, and Mourvèdre showed high aromatic concentration, very good phenolic maturity, and balanced sugar–acid profiles. Despite low quantity, the raw material quality was remarkable.

White wines stand out for their high acidity, full body, and rich aromatic character; rosés for their freshness and floral–fruity profiles; and reds for their soft tannins, deep color, and intense varietal expression. Overall, 2025 in Crete is a low-yield yet exceptionally high-quality vintage, reinforcing the strength and resilience of local varieties under intense climate stress.